Marketing

Introduction Purchasing Power Parity (PPP) is an economic theory that states that the exchange rate between two countries should equal the ratio of the two countries’ price levels. This theory compares the purchasing power of different currencies and measures the relative cost of living in different countries. PPP is an essential concept in international economics…

Introduction The BRIC countries, Brazil, Russia, India, and China, are some of the world’s most powerful and influential countries. They are the four largest emerging economies and are expected to become the four largest economies in the world by 2050. These countries have experienced rapid economic growth in recent years and are now significant players…

Introduction The ongoing debate between regionalism vs. Globalism has been discussed for many years. Regionalism emphasizes that countries should prioritize their regional interests and collaborate with other countries. On the other hand, Globalism promotes global cooperation among countries regardless of their area. Both concepts have advantages and disadvantages, and the debate over which is better…

Introduction Hofstede’s Model is the most used and cited framework in international marketing research. This Model is a powerful tool for understanding the cultural differences between countries and how they can affect global marketing. It is based on the analysis of Dutch social psychologist Geert Hofstede, who studied the cultural values of over 100 countries….

The importance of astroturfing is growing as it has been a popular tactic used by organizations for decades to influence public opinion and shape public policy. It is the practice of creating a false sense of grassroots support by masking the actual sponsors behind a movement. The rise of social media and digital communication has…